Patent foramen ovale and the risk of stroke | 合法醫療器材資訊網

由PAmarenco著作·2005·被引用42次—Afterfouryears,thepatientswithaPFOhadanannualriskofrecurrentbraininfarctionof0.6%(1%afteradjustmentforriskfactors).Thosewithonlyan ...

Between 15–20% of cases of brain infarction involve patients under the age of 55 years—that is, 150 000 to 200 000 patients each year in Europe. The main causes include cardiac valve disease and dissections of extracranial arteries (accounting for up to 20% of cases). In this age range, rare causes of arteriopathies may be found more frequently than in older stroke patients. Their mechanism is either inflammatory disease, infectious, metabolic, or toxic. Atherosclerosis accounts for 10% of cases. Over 150 causes of stroke have been listed. However, despite a thorough evaluation, the cause of the stroke remains unknown in up to 50–60% of cases in patients younger than 55 years.

In this group, transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) shows inter-atrial septal abnormalities in 55–60% of cases. The same abnormal septum is observed in 20% of the normal ...