Nucleases | 合法醫療器材資訊網

由WYang著作·2011·被引用401次—AnucleaseisaphosphodiesterasethatcleavesoneofthetwobridgingP-Obonds,3´or5´,inanucleicacidpolymer(Fig.1a).Cleavageof ...

Nucleases cleave the phosphodiester bonds of nucleic acids and may be endo or exo, DNases or RNases, topoisomerases, recombinases, ribozymes, or RNA splicing enzymes. In this review I survey nuclease activities with known structures and catalytic machinery and classify them by reaction mechanism and metal ion dependence and by their biological function ranging from DNA replication, recombination, repair, RNA maturation, processing, interference, to defense, nutrient regeneration or cell death. Several general principles emerge from this analysis. There is little correlation between catalytic mechanism and biological function. A single catalytic mechanism can be adapted in a variety of reactions and biological pathways. Conversely a single biological process can often be accomplished by multiple tertiary and quaternary folds and by more than one catalytic mechanism. Two-metal-ion dependent nucleases comprise the largest number of different terti...