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In this retrospective study conducted by Shaw et al., the utility of pulmonary artery catheters (PAC) in complex cardiac surgeries, and their association with subsequent clinical outcomes including 30-day in-hospital mortality, major morbidity, and length of stay was examined.

The analysis comprised two cohorts totaling 6844 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), isolated valve surgery, aortic surgery and other complex procedures from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2015. The study concluded PAC use did not contribute to in-hospital mortality and could be associated with a statistically significant decrease in length of hospital stay and a significant decrease in the cardiopulmonary morbidity composite.